Certification followed years of intensive effort by Member States, supported by a public–private coalition of WHO, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Rotary International and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Thus, countries demonstrated the value of large, internationally coordinated vaccination campaigns and of special efforts to reach traditionally under-served groups, such as migrants or nomads.

There was much to celebrate on the day the Region received its polio-free certification, and a decade later there are many reasons to applaud the Region’s continuing efforts to retain it. Nevertheless, the past 10 years have not been without challenges, as surveillance for polio and immunity against it have waned. While poliovirus could travel to the Region easily from infected areas, this had not led to outbreaks before 2010, thanks to quick detection and a well-vaccinated population. By 2010, however, immunity had dropped to the point where an importation of wild poliovirus type 1 led to a large polio outbreak in Tajikistan and three neighboring countries. This outbreak paralysed 478 people – including many adults – and killed 29. The risk of further deadly outbreaks is rising, underscoring the urgent need to eradicate polio globally. Full story